Methods of protection against ticks (Acari: Ixodida)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24917/25438832.4.10Keywords:
parasite, tick protection, ticksAbstract
Kleszcze (Acari: Ixodida) należą do roztoczy, pasożytujących najczęściej na gadach, ptakach i ssakach. Ze względu na znaczenie epidemiologiczne, epizootiologiczne, jak również bezpośrednią szkodliwość wśród ludzi i zwierząt, zaliczają się do jednych z najgroźniejszych pasożytów zewnętrznych. Na całym świecie stwierdzono występowanie około 850 gatunków kleszczy, w Polsce, do tej pory stwierdzono 19 gatunków stale występujących w faunie naszego kraju. Bytują one w różnych siedliskach od terenów nizinnych aż po tereny górskie, zajmując takie miejsca jak: lasy, tereny zieleni, strychy budynków w tym mieszkalnych i gospodarskich, nory, jamy zwierząt, jaskinie. Coraz częstsze występowanie kleszczy w bliskim otoczeniu człowieka i zwierząt przydomowych oraz domowych stwarza idealne warunki do przenoszenia patogenów chorób odkleszczowych. Nie ma wątpliwości, że stale poszukiwane są wszelkie sposoby ochrony osobistej i działania środowiskowe, chroniące przed atakami kleszczy oraz przed konsekwencjami jakie mogą wystąpić po żerowaniu pasożyta.
References:
Aboelhadid, S.M., Kamel, A.A., Arafa, W.M., Shokier, K.A. (2013). Effect of Allium sativum and Allium cepa oils on different stages of Boophilus annulatus. Parasitology Research, 112(5), 1883-1890. DOI: 10.1007/s00436-013-3344-0
Angelo, I.C., Tunholi-Alves, V.M., Tunholi, V.M., Perinotto, W.M., Gôlo, P.S., Camargo, M.G., Quinelato, S., Pinheiro, J., Bittencourt, V.R. (2015). Physiological changes in Rhipicephalus microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) experimentally infected with entomopathogenic fungi. Parasitology Research, 114(1), 219-225. DOI: 10.1007/s00436-014-4181-5
Argas reflexus Fabricius: https://zeckenrollen.de/zecken/zeckenarten-in-deutschland/
Bezuidenhout, J.D., Stutterheim, C.J. (1980). A critical evaluation of the role played by the red-billed oxpecker Buphagus erythrorhynchus in the biological control of ticks. Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 47(2), 51-75.
Birkett, M.A., Hassanali, A., Hoglund, S., Pettersson, J., Pickett, J.A. (2011). Repellent activity of catmint, Nepeta cataria, and iridoid nepetalactone isomers against Afro-tropical mosquitoes, ixodid ticks and red poultry mites. Phytochemistry, 72(1), 109-14. DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2010.09.016
Castellanos, A.A., Medeiros, M.C., Hamer, G.L., Morrow, M.E., Eubanks, M.D., Teel, P.D., Hamer, S.A., Light, J.E. (2016). Decreased small mammal and on-host tick abundance in association with invasive red imported fire ants (Solenopsis invicta). Biology Letters, 12(9), 20160463. DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2016.0463
Collatz, J., Selzer, P., Fuhrmann, A., Oehme, R.M., Mackenstedt, U., Kahl, O., Steidle, J.L.M. (2010). A hidden beneficial: biology of the tick-wasp Ixodiphagus hookeri in Germany. Journal of Applied Entomology, 135(5), 351-358. DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0418.2010.01560.x
Duffy, D.C., Downer, R., Brinkley, C. (1992). The effectiveness of Helmeted Guineafowl in the control of the deer tick, the vector of Lyme disease. The Wilson Bulletin, 104, 342-345.
Ghosh, S., Sharma, A.K., Kumar, S., Tiwari, S.S., Rastogi, S., Srivastava, S., Singh, M., Kumar, R., Paul, S., Ray, D.D., Rawat, A.K. (2011). In vitro and in vivo efficacy of Acorus calamus extract against Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus. Parasitology Research, 108(2), 361-370. DOI: 10.1007/s00436-010-2070-0
Gliniewicz, A., Borecka, A., Przygodzka, M., Mikulak, E. (2019). Susceptibility of Dermacentor reticulatus ticks to repelents containing different active ingrediens. Przegląd epidemiologiczny, 73(1), 117-125. DOI: 10.32394/pe.73.13
Godara, R., Parveen, S., Katoch, R., Yadav, A., Katoch, M., Khajuria, J.K., Kaur, D., Ganai, A., Verma, P.K., Khajuria, V., Singh, N.K. (2015). Acaricidal activity of ethanolic extract of Artemisia absinthium against Hyalomma anatolicum ticks. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 65(1), 141-148. DOI: 10.1007/s10493-014-9843-6
Ixodes ricinus L. female: https://www.gmx.net/magazine/wissen/natur-umwelt/zecken-nutzen-33586218
Ixodiphagus hookeri Howard: http://www.zeckenhilfe.com/en/all-about-ticks/article/what-are-the-natural-enemies-of-ticks-; Ixodiphagus hookeri attacking a fed female tick: https://alchetron.com/Ixodiphagus-hookeri
Martinez-Velazquez, M., Rosario-Cruz, R., Castillo-Herrera, G., Flores-Fernandez, J.M., Alvarez, A.H., Lugo-Cervantes, E. (2011). Acaricidal effect of essential oils from Lippia graveolens (Lamiales: Verbenaceae), Rosmarinus officinalis (Lamiales: Lamiaceae), and Allium sativum (Liliales: Liliaceae) against Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Acari: Ixodidae). Journal of Medical Entomology, 48(4), 822-827. DOI: 10.1603/me10140
Pålsson, K., Jaenson, T.G., Baeckström, P., Borg-Karlson, A.K. (2008). Tick repellent substances in the essential oil of Tanacetum vulgare. Journal of Medical Entomology, 45(1), 88-93. DOI: 10.1603/0022-2585(2008)45[88:TRSITE]2.0.CO;2
Pirali-Kheirabadi, K., Teixeira da Silva, J.A. (2010). Lavandula angustifolia essential oil as a novel and promising natural candidate for tick (Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) annulatus) control. Experimental Parasitology, 126(2), 184-186. DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2010.04.012
Przygodzka, M., Mikulak, E., Chmielewski, T., Gliniewicz, A. (2019). Repellents as a major element in the context of prevention of tick-borne diseases. Przegląd epidemiologiczny, 73(2), 269-280. DOI: 10.32394/pe.73.25
Samish, M., Alekseev, E. (2001). Arthropods as Predators of Ticks (Ixodoidea). Journal of Medical Entomology, 38(1), 1-11.
Samish, M., Alekseev, E., Glazer, I. (2000). Biocontrol of ticks by entomopathogenic nematodes. Research update. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 916, 589-594. DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb05341.x
Shaw, M.T., Keesing, F., McGrail, R., Ostfeld, R.S. (2003). Factors influencing the distribution of larval blacklegged ticks on rodent hosts. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 68, 447-452. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.2003.68.447
Siuda, K. (1991). Kleszcze Polski (Acari: Ixodida). Część I. Zagadnienia ogólne. Warszawa, Wrocław: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN. [In Polish]
Tanacetum vulgare L.: http://www.nic.funet.fi/pub/sci/bio/life/plants/magnoliophyta/magnoliophytina
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References
Aboelhadid, S.M., Kamel, A.A., Arafa, W.M., Shokier, K.A. (2013). Effect of Allium sativum and Allium cepa oils on different stages of Boophilus annulatus. Parasitology Research, 112(5), 1883–1890. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-013-3344-0
Angelo, I.C., Tunholi-Alves, V.M., Tunholi, V.M., Perinotto, W.M., Gôlo, P.S., Camargo, M.G., Quinelato, S., Pinheiro, J., Bittencourt, V.R. (2015). Physiological changes in Rhipicephalus microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) experimentally infected with entomopathogenic fungi. Parasitology Research, 114(1), 219–225. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-014-4181-5
Argas reflexus Fabricius: https://zeckenrollen.de/zecken/zeckenarten-in-deutschland/
Bezuidenhout, J.D., Stutterheim, C.J. (1980). A critical evaluation of the role played by the red-billed oxpecker Buphagus erythrorhynchus in the biological control of ticks. Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 47(2), 51–75.
Birkett, M.A., Hassanali, A., Hoglund, S., Pettersson, J., Pickett, J.A. (2011). Repellent activity of catmint, Nepeta cataria, and iridoid nepetalactone isomers against Afro-tropical mosquitoes, ixodid ticks and red poultry mites. Phytochemistry, 72(1), 109-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2010.09.016
Castellanos, A.A., Medeiros, M.C., Hamer, G.L., Morrow, M.E., Eubanks, M.D., Teel, P.D., Hamer, S.A., Light, J.E. (2016). Decreased small mammal and on-host tick abundance in association with invasive red imported fire ants (Solenopsis invicta). Biology Letters, 12(9), 20160463. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2016.0463
Collatz, J., Selzer, P., Fuhrmann, A., Oehme, R.M., Mackenstedt, U., Kahl, O., Steidle, J.L.M. (2010). A hidden beneficial: biology of the tick-wasp Ixodiphagus hookeri in Germany. Journal of Applied Entomology, 135(5), 351–358. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.2010.01560.x
Duffy, D.C., Downer, R., Brinkley, C. (1992). The effectiveness of Helmeted Guineafowl in the control of the deer tick, the vector of Lyme disease. The Wilson Bulletin, 104, 342–345.
Ghosh, S., Sharma, A.K., Kumar, S., Tiwari, S.S., Rastogi, S., Srivastava, S., Singh, M., Kumar, R., Paul, S., Ray, D.D., Rawat, A.K. (2011). In vitro and in vivo efficacy of Acorus calamus extract against Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus. Parasitology Research, 108(2), 361–370. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-010-2070-0
Gliniewicz, A., Borecka, A., Przygodzka, M., Mikulak, E. (2019). Susceptibility of Dermacentor reticulatus ticks to repelents containing different active ingrediens. Przegląd epidemiologiczny, 73(1), 117–125. https://doi.org/10.32394/pe.73.13
Godara, R., Parveen, S., Katoch, R., Yadav, A., Katoch, M., Khajuria, J.K., Kaur, D., Ganai, A., Verma, P.K., Khajuria, V., Singh, N.K. (2015). Acaricidal activity of ethanolic extract of Artemisia absinthium against Hyalomma anatolicum ticks. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 65(1), 141–148. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10493-014-9843-6
Ixodes ricinus L. female: https://www.gmx.net/magazine/wissen/natur-umwelt/zecken-nutzen-33586218
Ixodiphagus hookeri Howard: http://www.zeckenhilfe.com/en/all-about-ticks/article/what-are-the-natural-enemies-of-ticks
Ixodiphagus hookeri attacking a fed female tick: https://alchetron.com/Ixodiphagus-hookeri
Martinez-Velazquez, M., Rosario-Cruz, R., Castillo-Herrera, G., Flores-Fernandez, J.M., Alvarez, A.H., Lugo-Cervantes, E. (2011). Acaricidal effect of essential oils from Lippia graveolens (Lamiales: Verbenaceae), Rosmarinus officinalis (Lamiales: Lamiaceae), and Allium sativum (Liliales: Liliaceae) against Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Acari: Ixodidae). Journal of Medical Entomology, 48(4), 822–827. https://doi.org/10.1603/me10140
Pålsson, K., Jaenson, T.G., Baeckström, P., Borg-Karlson, A.K. (2008). Tick repellent substances in the essential oil of Tanacetum vulgare. Journal of Medical Entomology, 45(1), 88–93. https://doi.org/10.1603/0022-2585(2008)45[88:TRSITE]2.0.CO;2
Pirali-Kheirabadi, K., Teixeira da Silva, J.A. (2010). Lavandula angustifolia essential oil as a novel and promising natural candidate for tick (Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) annulatus) control. Experimental Parasitology, 126(2), 184–186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exppara.2010.04.012
Przygodzka, M., Mikulak, E., Chmielewski, T., Gliniewicz, A. (2019). Repellents as a major element in the context of prevention of tick-borne diseases. Przegląd epidemiologiczny, 73(2), 269–280. https://doi.org/10.32394/pe.73.25
Samish, M., Alekseev, E. (2001). Arthropods as Predators of Ticks (Ixodoidea). Journal of Medical Entomology, 38(1), 1–11.
Samish, M., Alekseev, E., Glazer, I. (2000). Biocontrol of ticks by entomopathogenic nematodes. Research update. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 916, 589–594. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb05341.x
Shaw, M.T., Keesing, F., McGrail, R., Ostfeld, R.S. (2003). Factors influencing the distribution of larval blacklegged ticks on rodent hosts. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 68, 447–452. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.2003.68.447
Siuda, K. (1991). Kleszcze Polski (Acari: Ixodida). Część I. Zagadnienia ogólne. Warszawa, Wrocław: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN. [In Polish]
Tanacetum vulgare L.: http://www.nic.funet.fi/pub/sci/bio/life/plants/magnoliophyta/magnoliophytina/magnoliopsida/asteraceae/tanacetum/vulgare-2.jpg
